Yūsuf ibn Tāshfīn crosses from Morocco and shatters Alfonso VI’s army — al-Andalus wins a century of reprieve.
Six days above the Yarmūk gorge end Roman rule in Syria; Heraclius’s farewell to the province became proverbial.
The founder of the Shāfiʿī school died in Egypt at 54, leaving uṣūl al-fiqh itself as his monument.
The jurist of Kūfah and eponym of the largest madhhab dies in Baghdad, imprisoned for refusing the judgeship.