The night journey from Makkah to Jerusalem and the ascent through the heavens — affirmed in the Qurʾān, its exact date left open by the earliest sources.
The city surrenders after a two-week siege; the Aqṣā mosque is restored to prayer 88 years after the Crusader conquest.
Six days above the Yarmūk gorge end Roman rule in Syria; Heraclius’s farewell to the province became proverbial.
The founder of the Shāfiʿī school died in Egypt at 54, leaving uṣūl al-fiqh itself as his monument.
The jurist of Kūfah and eponym of the largest madhhab dies in Baghdad, imprisoned for refusing the judgeship.