The Prophet’s ﷺ grandson and some seventy of his family and companions are killed on ʿĀshūrāʾ by the army sent to bar his way to Kūfah.
The fortified oasis north of Madinah falls fortress by fortress; ʿAlī’s standard at al-Qamūṣ enters the tradition’s memory.
ʿUqba ibn Nāfiʿ plants a permanent camp on the Ifrīqiyan steppe — the base that anchors Islam in the Maghreb.