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15 Ṣafar 21 AH · ≈ Wednesday 23 January 642
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Battle of al-ʿIqāb (Las Navas de Tolosa) معركة العقاب

The combined Christian kings break the Almohad army in the Sierra Morena — the turning of the tide in al-Andalus.

15 Ṣafar 609 AH16 Jul 1212DayAttestedAndalusi · al-Andalus · Battle
YEAR-PRECISE — THIS YEAR IN 21 AH

Founding of al-Fusṭāṭ تأسيس الفسطاط

ʿAmr ibn al-ʿĀṣ plants the tent-city by the Babylon fortress — the seed of what will become Cairo.

21 AH≈ 642 CEYearTraditionalRashidun · Egypt · Founding
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4Fall of Baghdad to the Mongols656 AH · 10 Feb 1258